PETTIGREW, J.
Plaintiff, McLane Southern, Inc. ("McLane"), appeals a summary judgment of the trial court dismissing its claim
According to the record, McLane is a wholesaler of tobacco products whose business facility is located in Mississippi. As part of its business, McLane sells smokeless tobacco products to retail establishments in Louisiana. McLane purchases its smokeless tobacco products from its smokeless tobacco supplier, U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Brands, Inc. ("UST-Sales"), an affiliate of U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Manufacturing Company ("UST-Manufacturing").
On December 14, 2006, McLane filed a petition for refund of tobacco tax paid under protest relative to the smokeless tobacco it had sold in Louisiana in October 2006. According to McLane, on November 17, 2006, it had paid $65,453.24 in Louisiana tobacco taxes allegedly due, $58,236.10 of which had been paid towards smokeless tobacco taxes that were allegedly due. Originally, McLane only challenged the Department's contention that the 20 percent tax rate for smokeless tobacco products found in La. R.S. 47:841 applied to UST-Sales' invoice price to McLane rather than UST-Manufacturing's lower invoice price to UST-Sales. Thereafter, however, McLane amended its petition to assert a claim that it did not owe the tax as assessed by the Department because the only statute that imposes liability upon a taxpayer for payment of taxes imposed pursuant to La. R.S. 47:841 is La. R.S. 47:854 and this statute does not impose tax liability upon persons who manufacture or purchase smokeless tobacco. In the alternative, McLane argued that to the extent that it is deemed to be responsible for payment of the tax at issue, the correct invoice price upon which the 20 percent tax imposed pursuant to La. R.S. 47:841 should be calculated is that price for which UST-Manufacturing sold the smokeless tobacco products to UST-Sales, not the price for which UST-Sales sold the products to McLane. McLane further maintained that La. R.S. 47:841 violated the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution as it afforded more favorable taxation to tobacco dealers purchasing products from an in-state distribution chain than it did to tobacco dealers purchasing products from an out-of-state distribution chain.
Following discovery, the parties filed cross motions for summary judgment. McLane argued that it was entitled to judgment in its favor ordering the Department to refund the full amount of the taxes it paid under protest for the month of October 2006, and for each month thereafter, plus interest thereon. The Department argued it was entitled to a judgment finding that (1) McLane was a dealer of smokeless tobacco products and responsible
The motions proceeded to hearing on May 10, 2010, at which time the parties stipulated that there were no facts in dispute and that the issue before the trial court was the correct legal interpretation of the Louisiana tobacco tax statutes. After hearing argument from the parties and considering the applicable law and the evidence in the record, the trial court denied the motion for summary judgment filed by McLane, granted the motion for summary judgment filed by the Department, and dismissed, with prejudice, McLane's claims against the Department for refund of taxes paid under protest. A judgment in accordance with the trial court's findings was signed on May 27, 2010.
Summary judgments are reviewed on appeal de novo. Boudreaux v. Vankerkhove, 2007-2555, p. 5 (La.App. 1 Cir. 8/11/08), 993 So.2d 725, 729-730. An appellate court thus asks the same questions as does the trial court in determining whether summary judgment is appropriate: whether there is any genuine issue of material fact, and whether the mover is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Ernest v. Petroleum Service Corp., 2002-2482, p. 3 (La.App. 1 Cir. 11/19/03), 868 So.2d 96, 97, writ denied, 2003-3439 (La.2/20/04), 866 So.2d 830. Summary judgment is properly granted if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that mover is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. La.Code Civ. P. art. 966(B).
When a motion for summary judgment is made and supported as provided by law, an adverse party may not rest on the mere allegations or denials of his pleading. His response, by affidavits or as otherwise provided by law, must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial. If he does not so respond, summary judgment, if appropriate, will be rendered against him. La.Code Civ. P. art. 967; Robles v. ExxonMobile, 2002-0854, p. 4 (La.App. 1 Cir. 3/28/03), 844 So.2d 339, 341.
Because it is the applicable substantive law that determines materiality, whether a particular fact in dispute is material can be seen only in light of the substantive law applicable to the case. Bridgefield Cas. Ins. Co. v. J.E.S., Inc., 2009-0725, p. 4 (La.App. 1 Cir. 10/23/09), 29 So.3d 570, 573.
The Louisiana Tobacco Tax Law is found in Sections 841-869 of Title 47 of the Revised Statutes. It has two general purposes: the imposition of a tax upon the sale and distribution of tobacco products, and the regulation of those persons who engage in the sale and distribution of such products so as to insure collection of the tax. Southland Corp. v. Collector of Revenue for Louisiana, 321 So.2d 501, 502 (La.1975).
Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:841 provides for the levy of an excise tax upon the "sale, use, consumption, handling, or distribution" within Louisiana of the various tobacco products listed therein. Pursuant to La. Acts 2000, No. 32 § 1, La. R.S. 47:841 was amended to add smokeless tobacco to the list of tobacco products included. The statute provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
The statute that imposes liability for payment of the taxes levied in La. R.S. 47:841 is La. R.S. 47:854, which provides as follows:
There is no mention of smokeless tobacco in La. R.S. 47:854. In fact, the only other statute that address smokeless tobacco within the Louisiana Tobacco Tax Law is La. R.S. 47:842(15), which defines smokeless tobacco as including but not limited to "fine cut, long cut, packed in pouches, snuff, snuff flower, chewing tobacco, cavendish, plugs, twists, shorts, refuse and other scraps, clippings and sweepings of tobacco, and other forms of loose tobacco, articles and products made of tobacco, or a tobacco substitute."
It is a well-established principle of statutory construction that absent clear evidence of a contrary legislative intention, a statute should be interpreted according to its plain language. Cleco Evangeline, LLC v. Louisiana Tax Com'n, 2001-2162, p. 5 (La.4/3/02), 813 So.2d 351, 354. "When a law is clear and unambiguous and its application does not lead to absurd consequences, the law shall be applied as written and no further interpretation may be made in search of the intent of the legislature." La. Civ.Code art. 9. This principle applies to tax statutes. Tarver v. E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Co., 93-1005, p. 3 (La.3/24/94), 634 So.2d 356, 358.
In brief
The Department's argument is flawed in many respects. A fundamental rule of statutory construction is to give the statute its intended meaning. Faught v. Ryder/P*I*E Nationwide, Inc., 543 So.2d 918, 922 (La.App. 1 Cir.), writ denied, 545 So.2d 1040 (La.1989). More importantly, it is only when there is ambiguity that we are at liberty to engage in statutory interpretation: it is not our function to correct an error in the legislature's expression of its intent unless that expression is unclear. Id. at 923. In the instant case, there has been no suggestion that any of the statutes in question are ambiguous. Rather, the fact is that when the Legislature amended La. R.S. 47:841 to provide for a tax on smokeless tobacco, it failed to expressly provide for the imposition of the tax in La. R.S. 47:854 by amending said statute accordingly.
Absent evidence to the contrary, the language of the statute itself must clearly and unambiguously express the intent to apply to the property in question. Unless the words imposing the tax are expressly in the statute, the tax cannot be imposed. Cleco Evangeline, LLC, 2001-2162 at 7, 813 So.2d at 355. It is also well-established that tax laws are to be interpreted liberally in favor of taxpayers and that the words defining things to be taxed should not be extended beyond their clear import. Uncertainty in the language of the statute must be resolved against the government and in favor of the taxpayer. Hibernia Nat. Bank in New Orleans v. Louisiana Tax Com'n, 195 La. 43, 54, 196 So. 15, 18 (La.1940).
The function of courts, in construing statutes, is to interpret legislative will, and not to supplement or supply it. Hurt v. Superior Cable Installation, Inc., 99-2982, p. 6 (La.App. 1 Cir. 5/12/00), 762 So.2d 705, 708-709, writ not considered, 2000-1950 (La.9/29/00), 769 So.2d 549 (citing Levy v. New Orleans & N.E.R. Co., 20 So.2d 559, 562 (La.App.1945)).
Levy, 20 So.2d at 562.
Based on the above applicable law and our appreciation of the Louisiana Tobacco Tax Laws as they now exist, we conclude that it is not our function to correct an
For the above and foregoing reasons, we find the trial court erred in denying McLane's petition for refund of taxes paid under protest. There is no specific statute imposing liability on McLane for the payment of the tax levied as to smokeless tobacco products. Therefore, the trial court's judgment below is reversed and judgment is hereby rendered
Appeal costs in the amount of $2,708.23 are assessed against the Louisiana Department of Revenue.